Course Assessment
35%
Final Exam
25%
Mid-Term
20%
Lab / Projects
15%
Quizzes (best 2/3)
5%
Assignments
Study Topics
Vector Analysis
Dot product, cross product, gradient, divergence, curl. Foundation of all electromagnetic field theory.
Electrostatics
Coulomb's law, electric field intensity, superposition, field lines, material classification.
Electric Potential & Flux
Voltage, work, dielectric materials, electric flux density D, capacitors, dielectric constants.
DC Circuits
Ohm's law, resistance, current density, series/parallel combinations, power, EMF sources.
Kirchhoff's Laws
KCL, KVL, voltage divider, current divider, dependent sources, multi-loop analysis.
Inductors & Capacitors
v-i relationships, energy stored, series/parallel combinations, DC steady-state behavior.
RC & RL Transients
Time constants, charging/discharging, first-order transient response, τ = RC or L/R.
Magnetostatics & Maxwell
Magnetic flux density, Faraday's law, inductance, transformers, Maxwell's equations.
⚡ Key Formulas at a Glance
Coulomb's Law
F = Q₁Q₂ / 4πε₀R²
Electric Field
E = Q / 4πε₀R²
Electric Potential
V = Q / 4πε₀r
E from V
E = −∇V
Flux Density
D = εE = Q/4πr²
Capacitance
C = εA/d = Q/V
Ohm's Law
V = IR
Resistance
R = L / σS
Power
P = VI = I²R = V²/R
Inductor v-i
v = L · di/dt
Capacitor v-i
i = C · dv/dt
RC Time Const
τ = RC
RL Time Const
τ = L/R
Inductance
L = μN²A / l
Faraday's Law
V_emf = −N dΦ/dt
Magnetic Flux
Φ = B·A = μIA/l
🎯 Exam Tips
✅ Always do this
Draw and label every problem with vectors and directions before writing any equation.
✅ Signs matter
In KVL, keep current direction fixed. If a current comes out negative, the actual direction is reversed — magnitude is still correct.
💡 DC Steady State
At DC (t→∞): Capacitor = open circuit (i=0). Inductor = short circuit (v=0). Replace them before solving.
💡 Time Constant
"Fully charged" = 5τ. At 1τ: capacitor reaches 63.2% of Vf. At 1τ discharge: drops to 36.8%.
⚠️ Superposition
Electric field (E) and force (F) obey superposition — add vectors from each charge separately.
🔥 Don't forget
ε₀ = 8.854×10⁻¹² F/m. μ₀ = 4π×10⁻⁷ H/m. Memorise these — they appear in every field problem.